The idea is it's much easier for someone to deal with health or addiction issues if they have a home.
MAGNOLIA -- Step inside the second-story apartment of Miguel Rodriguez, 55, and you'll find a spotless, tastefully-furnished home with minimal decorations but a few treasured mementos. There's a view of youth baseball fields from the glass sliding door in his living room.
It's a nice one-bedroom apartment by most standards, but for Rodriguez, it met his number one condition: it wasn't in Camden, where there were too many reminders of his decades as a heroin addict.
"I said, 'oh yeah, this is nice,'" Rodriguez said, looking around his living room as he recalled first seeing the apartment two years ago. "It's clean, no drugs, quiet."
He looked healthy and at home on the couch in an interview earlier this month, but not so long ago, he was living on the streets of Camden -- except for when he was repeatedly admitted to the hospital for symptoms related to his chronic health problems.
But about four years ago, representatives from the Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers found him in the hospital and offered to help him better manage his health problems, with the first step being getting him off the streets and into drug treatment.
Now, he's a success story for the coalition and its partners, who are celebrating the second anniversary of their collaborative Housing First program.
Laura Buckley, who coordinates the program, said the idea behind it is simple: People can better focus on getting healthy and happy if they're not looking for shelter or their next meal. Plus, there are logistical challenges, Buckley said, like a diabetic who can't use insulin because he has no way to refrigerate it.
For Rodriguez, it means he is able to take better care of his emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and mental health.
"It's changed me and taught me to value what I have," he said of getting the keys to his home. "When I was in addiction, I gave everything up... My wife, everything. Having this here, knowing that I don't have to give it away, I make it my priority. My addiction now is keeping this roof over my head."
First rolled out in Utah, the program aims to identify people who are chronically homeless and get them quickly into apartments that are mostly paid for by vouchers from the state.
The program in Camden is coordinated by the coalition, but a collaboration between South Jersey Behavioral Health Resources, Volunteers of America--Delaware Valley, Saint Joseph's Carpenter Society, OAKS Integrated Care, and Corporation for Supportive Housing.
The first beneficiaries of Camden County's pilot program were moving into apartments in November of 2015, Buckley said. Now, the 41 people currently in the program have reduced their hospital utilization by 63 percent.
"We run that overall utilization number about every three months and that number has steadily improved," Buckley said. "The first time we ran the number it was, I think, a 40 percent reduction."
The Housing First model is gaining traction in New Jersey. Organizations in Bergen and Mercer counties adopted it before Camden County did, and the Cumberland County Housing First Collaborative housed its first few residents in June.
This summer, Gov. Chris Christie announced that the state Department of Community Affairs is expanding its support for the initiatives by providing a total of 425 vouchers for the chronically homeless, plus 25 more for homeless veterans, at an annual estimated cost of $5.4 million.
'Enough is enough'
Rodiguez said he was nine when he learned to do heroin from his mother.
He sold drugs on the street, then got clean but kept selling, then started using again, he said. "In 2007 my wife left me. I hit rock bottom. I was using every day, he said.
After getting out of jail in 2012, he had nowhere to live, overdosed twice, and needed bypass surgery because of a clogged artery, he said.
On two of his many hospital stays, caseworkers from the Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers approached him, offering to help him deal with his chronic health problems. He never followed-through.
Then, the third time he was readmitted, something changed.
"I was lying in my room in the hospital and asking God to send them back to me. At that point in my life, enough is enough," he said. "Then it was them coming through the door."
The coalition worked with Volunteers of America to get him into a transitional housing program where he spent his days in treatment programs.
He was able to get his own apartment in Lawnside for 15 months, but eventually had to move in with his daughter. He knew he needed his own place, he said, but his only income was a $766.25 supplemental security income check.
That's when the coalition was starting its Housing First program.
How it works
The program is for the chronically homeless, defined as a person with a disabling condition who has been homeless for at least a year or had four episodes of homelessness over the past four years.
To qualify for vouchers, they must have been hospitalized at least twice in six months and have two or more chronic health conditions.
The coalition identifies those who might qualify by looking at hospital visit data through the Camden Health Information Exchange, which shares information among Camden hospitals. She said workers know to look for certain "clues" that someone is homeless, like no address or an address that is a shelter.
"We engage people and if they are homeless we see if they meet the definition of chronically homeless, and then they're eligible," she said.
Volunteers of America works to find landlords willing to rent to people with criminal records or other issues, which Rodriguez said was a problem for him. For some landlords, it helps to know that caseworkers are checking up on the residents and can sometimes act as go-betweens.
After choosing one of the available apartments, the residents pay 30 percent of their monthly income toward rent, and the state pays the rest. Nine of the 41 residents in the program don't have any income and so pay nothing, Buckley said.
The vouchers can only be used for units with rents up to $1,003, she said, but some of the one-bedroom apartments are as little as $650.
While they're in the voucher program, Buckley said, South Jersey Behavioral Health Resources has a long-term, "wrap-around care team" that helps the residents work to achieve their health goals.
Buckley said that as their physical and mental health issues are handled, the residents can focus on goals like increasing their income, reconnecting with family or integrating back into their communities -- things that are hard to do while homeless.
For Rodriguez, his new focus has become helping others. He has been running groups at recovery or mental health centers, including a new COPD support group.
He learned how rewarding it could be to help people by getting to know his helpers from the coalition, he said. "We talked all the time and they kept me strong, kept me focused. They said keep doing what you're doing," he said.
While expanding the program could be a goal some day, Buckley said the coalition and its partners are focusing now on getting the last nine vouchers out to the people that need them. A lot of work goes into getting each resident settled, and it doesn't end there.
Residents are asked to do interviews and surveys to give feedback on how the program worked for them, and Buckley said they've learned a lot already.
"There's a lot more learning to be had," she said. "These are 15-year vouchers and we're only two years in."
Rebecca Everett may be reached at reverett@njadvancemedia.com. Follow her on Twitter @rebeccajeverett. Find NJ.com on Facebook.